Cytokine
Application of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in Cytokine Research
Cytokines (CK) are a class of small molecular proteins with a wide range of biological activities that are synthesized and secreted by various tissue cells (mainly immune cells) through stimulation. CK can be divided into interleukin, colony-stimulating factor, interferon, tumor necrosis factor, growth factor, etc. According to its main functions, CK can be divided into interleukin, colony-stimulating factor, interferon, tumor necrosis factor, growth factor, etc. Cytokine research has very important theoretical and practical significance. It helps to clarify the immune regulation mechanism at the molecular level and is helpful to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. As a highly sensitive and specific detection method, ELISA is widely used in cytokine research. ELISA to detect the levels of cytokines and their receptors has become an important aspect of basic and clinical immunology research.
Common Targets in Cytokine Research
- Amphiregulin
- Betacellulin
- Cerberus
- Cardiotrophin 1
- Dermokine
- Epiregulin
- Myostatin
- Gastrokine 2
- Interleukin 4
- Interferon Alpha 4
- Oncostatin M
- Interleukin 1 Epsilon
- Interleukin 1 Zeta
- Fibroblast Growth Factor
- Placenta Growth Factor
Advantages of ELISA in Cytokine Research
- Helps to explore the physiological functions of cytokines
- Contribute to the early diagnosis of related diseases
- Helps to understand the structure and function of cytokine receptors
Common Targets Detected by ELISA in Cytokine Research
Cardiotrophin-1
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family. CT-1 can promote myocardial fibroblasts to proliferate and secrete collagen, and at the same time make myocardial cells hypertrophy. It plays an important role in ventricular remodeling caused by diseases such as ischemic heart disease, hypertension and heart failure. ELISA to detect the concentration of CT-1 can be used to screen the therapeutic target of heart failure, and the concentration can be used as a prognostic indicator.
Epiregulin
Epiregulin (EPR) consists of 46 amino acid residues and is a member of the epidermal growth factor family. EPR is an epidermal growth factor receptor ligand, produced by keratinocytes and fibroblasts. It can be used as a ligand for epidermal growth factor receptors and most members of the ERBB family of tyrosine kinase receptors. EPR has a variety of biological functions, which can inhibit the growth of certain tumor cells and promote the growth of various cells such as fibroblasts.
Fibroblast Growth Factor
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a polypeptide secreted by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, and there are several isoforms. FGF is considered to be a foci formation promoting factor, but it also has a positive side from the perspective of repair. It can promote the generation of a large number of osteoblasts and inhibit osteoclasts; it can also strengthen the bone marrow hematopoietic function, promote the production of stem cells, and then generate a large number of red blood cells and white blood cells.
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References
- Martínez-Martínez, E.; et al. CT-1 (Cardiotrophin-1)-Gal-3 (Galectin-3) Axis in Cardiac Fibrosis and Inflammation. Hypertension. 2019, 73(3): 602-611.
- Roskoski, R.J. The ErbB/HER family of protein-tyrosine kinases and cancer. Pharmacol Res. 2014, 79: 34-74.
- Ornitz, D.M.; Marie, P.J. Fibroblast growth factor signaling in skeletal development and disease. Genes Dev. 2015, 29(14): 1463-1486.
