Lean meat meal is a general term for phenylethanolamine compounds that can promote protein synthesis and inhibit fat deposition. This class of compounds belongs to the adrenergic receptor agonist class and can be generally divided into three categories aniline type, phenol type, and hydroquinone type according to their structure. The aniline type includes clenbuterol, cimaterol, mabuterol, clenbuterol, etc.; the phenol type includes ractopamine, salbutamol, and salbutamol sulfate; the hydroquinone type includes dopamine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, terbutaline sulfate. In recent years, new lean meat powders such as clonidine, baclofen, and cyproheptadine have appeared. After feeding a lean meat meal, animal muscle content increases, and it is more likely to be favored by consumers. However, such substances will remain in animal tissues, especially in internal organs such as the liver. After human consumption, symptoms such as muscle tremor, palpitation, trembling, headache, nausea, and vomiting can occur, especially for patients with diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, and prostatic hypertrophy, and severe cases can lead to death.
Fig. 1 The chemical structure of Clenbuterol
The frequent occurrence of poisoning incidents caused by the consumption of food contaminated by "Clenbuterol" has attracted the attention of countries all over the world. In order to ensure the quality and safety of livestock products and protect human health, many countries have banned the use of clenbuterol in the production of food-borne animals. Residues are mandatory inspection items, and the EU also prohibits the addition of "clenbuterol" drugs in feed. However, some unscrupulous businessmen add lean meat meals to the feed for profit, posing a health threat to the public. To combat this kind of behavior, we should strictly monitor the substance. Because ELISA is accurate, sensitive, and simple, it has now become a widely used method for detecting lean meat powder.
Indirect competitive ELISA, Paper-based competitive ELISA
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